High-intensity interval exercise causes less blood sugar drop than moderate exercise in type 1 diabetes

Metodología

Seven trained men with type 1 diabetes completed an incremental exercise test followed by six randomized exercise sessions comparing high-intensity intervals to continuous exercise at three intensity levels. All sessions were matched for average workload and 30-minute duration. Participants used ultra-long-acting insulin degludec and received standardized meals with mealtime insulin reduced by 25-75% based on planned exercise intensity. Blood glucose, lactate, hormones, heart rate, and gas exchange were measured during exercise, with continuous glucose monitoring for 24 hours post-exercise.

Intervenciones

Participants performed two types of cycling exercise matched for average intensity and duration. High-intensity interval exercise consisted of 20-second bursts at maximal power alternating with active recovery periods. Continuous exercise involved steady cycling at the target workload. Both modes were tested at three intensity levels: below the first lactate threshold, between lactate thresholds, and near the second lactate threshold. Exercise intensities were individualized based on lactate turn points from preliminary testing.

Hallazgos Clave

Neither exercise mode caused hypoglycemia during or for 24 hours after exercise when mealtime insulin was reduced appropriately. High-intensity interval exercise led to significantly smaller blood glucose decreases at moderate intensity and smaller decreases by trend at low and high intensities compared to continuous exercise. Blood lactate and respiratory exchange ratio were higher during intervals at low and moderate intensities but similar at high intensity. Hormone responses including catecholamines, cortisol, glucagon, and IGF-1 were not significantly different between exercise modes despite higher peak workloads in interval exercise.

Comparación con otros Estudios

Referencia de la Revista

Moser O, Tschakert G, Mueller A, et al. Effects of High-Intensity Interval Exercise versus Moderate Continuous Exercise on Glucose Homeostasis and Hormone Response in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Using Novel Ultra-Long-Acting Insulin. PLoS One. 2015;10(8):e0136489. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0136489