suplement_and_vitaminsDiabetes ComplicationsPharmacological Treatments

Comparative Effects of Vitamin and Mineral Supplements

Pharmacological Research

Published on 2023

Summary

This systematic review and network meta-analysis evaluated the comparative effects of vitamin and mineral supplements on glycemic control and lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The analysis included 170 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 14,223 participants. Findings highlight chromium, vitamin K, vanadium, niacin, and vitamin E as the most effective micronutrients for managing T2DM based on various metabolic markers. The study revealed chromium's effectiveness in lowering fasting blood glucose and insulin resistance, while vitamin K significantly reduced glycated hemoglobin A1c and fasting insulin levels. Vanadium excelled in lowering total cholesterol, niacin in improving triglycerides and HDL cholesterol, and vitamin E in reducing LDL cholesterol. These findings suggest that targeted micronutrient supplementation could play a role in comprehensive T2DM management strategies.

Study Design

Interventions

chromiumVitamin EVitamin KVanadiumNiacin

Study Type

Systematic ReviewRCTs

Outcomes

Fasting Blood GlucoseHOMA-IRLDL CholesterolHbA1cFasting InsulinTotal CholesterolTriglyceridesHDL Cholesterol

Duration and Size

medium–term_3–12_moLong-Term (1–5 y)

Large size (500–5000)

Study Population

Age Range

Middle Aged (40-64)

Sex

MaleFemale

Geography

Asia-Pacific (APAC)Global

Other Criteria

with T2 Diabetes

Methodology

A systematic search in major databases identified relevant RCTs, followed by network meta-analyses using frequentist random-effects models. The methodology ensured robust synthesis by adhering to PRISMA guidelines and evaluating evidence certainty via the CINeMA tool.

Interventions

Interventions included supplementation with chromium, vitamin E, vitamin K, vanadium, and niacin among T2DM patients. Comparisons were made against placebo or no treatment controls to assess impact on glycemic and lipid metabolic outcomes.

Key Findings

Chromium supplements were most effective in improving fasting glucose and insulin resistance. Vitamin K showed significant reductions in HbA1c and fasting insulin levels. Vanadium lowered total cholesterol, niacin improved triglycerides and HDL cholesterol levels, and vitamin E reduced LDL cholesterol levels.

Comparison with other Studies

Findings were consistent with previous studies highlighting the benefits of chromium and vitamin K in glucose regulation. However, this analysis extended knowledge by ranking the comparative effectiveness of various micronutrients across multiple metabolic markers, emphasizing a potential integrative role in T2DM management.

Journal Reference

Xia J, Yu J, Xu H, et al. Comparative effects of vitamin and mineral supplements in the management of type 2 diabetes in primary care: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Pharmacol Res. 2023;188:106647. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106647

This research summary and analysis were generated using AI-powered tools to assist in data synthesis and interpretation. While we strive for accuracy and completeness, we encourage readers to verify critical information and consult additional sources as needed. The insights presented reflect an AI-assisted perspective and should not be considered a substitute for expert opinion or independent research.

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